1.
What is VLAN?
ANSWER
VLAN (Virtual Local Area
Network) provides the network administrator the ability to break a switched
layer2 network into multiple broadcast domains (Local Area Network) and thus
enhance security levels and ease management of users in the network. It also
helps in optimizing performance by confining broadcast traffic. Though all the computers
in network are physically attached to different segments of LAN, VLAN make them
appear as if they all belong to the same wire. Even when the physical position
of a computer is changed, it still can be on the same VLAN without any hardware
reconfiguration.
For a standard network and for security purposes, all users
in anetwork are not expected to view or have access to all devices on the
network by default. In just a local area network, there is no possibility to
stop devices from broadcasting or users from replying to a broadcast message.
Therefore, your choice of security is limited to your server and some other
devices. Here is the need for Virtual LAN- to give your LAN a kind of security.So,
VLAN is a logical grouping of network nodes to control traffic and provide
security.
What is Network topology and explain their types?
ANSWER
Topology
is a word used in describing the physical and logical arrangements of network
nodes. It is the way network devices are connected. The physical topology of a
network is the configuration of cables, computers etc. The logical topology
refers to the way in which the network appears to the devices that use it.
Types of topology
·
Bus Topology: In bus topology, all the network
nodes are connected to a single linear cable with a terminator at each end.A
break in the network prevents all users from accessing the network. It is
cheap, easy to implement.
·
Ring Topology: In this type of topology every node
has two neighbors for communication and messages travel through a ring in a
circular direction- from one computer to another. A failure in any of the devices
affects the whole network.
·
Star Topology: Here, each node is connected to a hub.
Any message from the destination host must first get to the hub and then
forwarded. It reduces risk of network failure.
·
Hybrid Topology: This is a combination of two or more
network topologies.
·
Mesh topology: Here each node is connected to
every other nodes on the network. It is expensive.
1
What is networking? Explain
classification of network.
ANSWER
Networking
is the process by which a group of computers and peripherals are connected via
cables or wireless with the purpose of exchanging or sharing hardware and
software resources between many users. That is, a computer network consists of
a collection of network devices that are connected together so that they can
communicate.
Classifications of Network
·
Local Area Network (LAN): This is a network type that is used
for local communication between computers and other devices in a building. It
could be either wired or wireless and has a transmission rate of 10Mb/s. Nodes
are linked together by a topology. It is used for resource sharing and limited
in size and low in cost.
·
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): A metropolitan area network(MAN) is
a large computer network that usually spans a city or a large campus. It covers
a more geographical area than LAN (5-50KM) and is used by many individuals and
organizations. It is high in speed.
·
Wide Area Network: This connects multiple LAN’s
together. A good example is the internet.
·
Personal Area Network: is a computer network used for
communication among computer devices, including telephones and personal digital
assistants, in proximity of around a few meters.
What is the difference between
workgroup and domain?
ANSWER
A workgroup is a type of peer-to-peer network. It is
essentially the name for a Windows based peer-to-peer computer network.
Computers in this kind of network can allow each other to access their files,
printers, or Internet connection. In order to do this, every user must have an
account on each of the workgroup’s computers that they require access to. These
settings and access are managed by each computer’s user. Workgroup is limited
to 10 workstations maximum. All computers must be on the same local network or
subnet.
While a domain, on the other hand, is a client/server
network in which the management of security and resources are centralized. This
means that a singular administration has control over the domain and allows
which users have access to which files. In a domain, there is a one single
database for domain users. A user can log on at any workstation via their
account and access the files. There can
be up to thousands of workstations. The computers can be on different local
networks, i.e. anywhere in the world.
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